What type of refrigerant is R-12 categorized as?

R-12 is categorized as a CFC, which stands for chlorofluorocarbon. This classification indicates that R-12 is a synthetic refrigerant composed of chlorine, fluorine, and carbon. CFCs were widely used in refrigeration and air conditioning systems due to their effective thermodynamic properties. However, it is important to note that CFCs, including R-12, have been found to contribute to ozone layer depletion, leading to significant regulatory changes and a phase-out of their use in many applications.

In the context of refrigerants, HCFCs (hydrochlorofluorocarbons) and HFCs (hydrofluorocarbons) are newer classes that were developed to replace CFCs and are less harmful to the ozone layer. Natural refrigerants refer to substances like ammonia, carbon dioxide, or hydrocarbons that occur in nature and serve as refrigerants without contributing to ozone depletion. Understanding these classifications is essential for anyone working in refrigeration to recognize the environmental impact of different types of refrigerants and to stay compliant with regulations regarding their use.